Entry:avi
Tovasala
Multi-letter group | A–E | F–J | K–O | P–T | U–Z | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Alphabetical position | A | B | CH | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
Alphabetical group | A | B | CH | D | E |
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Letters | 3 |
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Alphagram | A I V |
Morphemes | av |
Rhymes | vi, ævi |
Word family |
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neayaudravi • wobiāvi |
avi a not comparable 1 / 4c ii a [/æ.vi/; a•vi (2 syll.)] [Eng. have and Fr. avoir.]
- avé ns, avo m, ava f, avous(e/o/a) du, avés/av(o/a)s pl [/æ.veɪ/; a•ve]
- 1 : has-been
- 1 : has-been
- avar v [/æ.vɑɹ/; a•var]
-av is used to conjugate verbs in the perfect aspect (e.g. Taumasina lanzavat vauldile ńaultaup lauflé [Thomasina has thrown the ball up in the air] and Benmankavisim nouchemu, nalhaiz? [We've eaten well tonight, haven't we?]). This always follows -aid- in statements with past participles (e.g. Motivaidavata [She has been encouraged]), and -ant in those with continuous verbs (e.g. Baustro tevigantavat saknamedlas verteremu [Buster has been training the red pandas fruitlessly]). Switching the order of -ant and av produces the equivalent of English "having done...", in which case -u must be added (e.g. Frolgiesmivieslavantu [Having whistled a happy tune...]).
As a standalone verb, it is also used as an interrogative auxiliary. Similar to haizar, it also denotes affirmation of a previous statement, as demonstrated in this exchange:
- — Moavveyyurittsera plajile nodemadu? (Visited the beach today?)
- — Sid, avim. (Yes, I have.)
-av mutates into -abb after another v: sauv + av → sauvabbat (has been saved).
The English have also means "hold" (ten), "maintain"/"keep" (habenar), "own"/"possess" (zol), "take"/"partake of" (prendar), "must" (bouldostar; with "to"), and "give birth to" (tueldar).
Tense (Maurve) |
-lurip (recent past) • -lur (simple past) • -lurel (discontinuous past) • -lureng (distant past) • -lir (future) • -luvir (future in the past) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Aspect (Aspekte) |
Prefixoids | vasit (intentional) • tasiv (accidental) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Suffixoids | av (perfect) • aubil (inchoative/inceptive) • abuim (expectative) • oajem (momentane) • ouhaum (frequentative) • aisom (completive) • aubel (cessative) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Suffixes | -ant (continuous/progressive) • -asant (continuative) • -aij (prospective) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mood (Sindèle) |
Prefixes | voul- (desiderative) • soul- (volitive) • boul- (necessitative) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Suffixoids | abil (potential) • esel (dubitative) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Suffixes | -ar (infinitive) • -aik (conditional/subjunctive) • -ait (imperative) • -aibil (potential passive) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indicatives |
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